Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Department of Teaching English and Translation, Ka.C., Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran,
2 Department of Teaching English and Translation, Ka.C., Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
Abstract
Research on second language (L2) pragmatics has predominantly focused on speech acts, leaving broader dimensions of pragmatic competence relatively unexplored. To address this gap, the present study developed and validated an Online Diagnostic Test of L2 Pragmatic Competence (DTPC) informed by Purpura’s (2017) meaning-oriented model. Using a mixed-methods design, the researchers developed DTPC through several stages, including literature and expert review, a written discourse completion task (DCT), test construction, piloting, final administration, and follow-up interviews. Initially, a total of 369 Iranian EFL learners were selected through purposive sampling to participate in the study. Following the proficiency test, the researchers excluded 11 advanced learners to ensure sample homogeneity, and data from 358 participants were retained for the final statistical analyses. After item screening and refinement, 34 of the 75 DTPC items were retained based on the results of item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis. The analyses confirmed a four-factor structure comprising sociolinguistic, sociocultural, psychological, and situational meanings, with high reliability and acceptable model fit. Sociolinguistic and psychological meanings showed the most decisive influence on learners’ pragmatic competence. Thematic analysis of interviews indicated learners’ positive perceptions of the DTPC’s diagnostic value and online delivery. The findings provide empirical validation of Purpura’s meaning-oriented model in the Iranian EFL context. In this context, the DTPC provides diagnostic insights into EFL learners’ pragmatic challenges, thereby supporting more targeted and responsive instruction.
Keywords
- Meaning-Oriented Model
- Online Diagnostic Test of Pragmatic Competence (DTPC)
- Pragmatic Meaning
- Second Language Pragmatics
Main Subjects
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