Document Type : research paper

Author

MOSHI CO-OPERATIVE UNIVERSITY

Abstract

Although many ESL university students know grammar rules, most cannot write competently. Meanwhile, effective writing would affect students' overall academic performance. This article examined the written errors of the Indian Tamil learners of English as their Second Language (ESL). The study adopted a cross-sectional research design and collected data through written essays. The participants were studying Master of Arts in English second-year integrated class. The participants were purposely selected. The study assessed errors as they occurred in students' written essays. Data were descriptively analysed in which they were categorised based on the themes. The findings showed several errors, categorised as subject-verb errors, word order patterns, spelling errors, and omissions. Findings have depicted error cases in word order errors, unnecessary insertion, misplaced inversion and sentence fragment errors. The results have shown that some students made apparent errors that could be termed as negligent ones, while others could be associated with transfer from the first language. In addition, other errors are associated with the way the English language is taught. Based on the results, this study recommends that ESL teachers focus their teaching on these problematic areas and provide the students with many writing tasks that would improve the writing of the Tamilians, whose English is their second language.

Keywords

Albright, L. Z., & Langan, J. (2020). Exploring writing: Paragraphs and essays (4th Ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Amara, N. (2015). Errors correction in foreign language teaching. The Online Journal of New Horizons in Education, 5(3), 58-68.
Amiri, F., & Puteh, M. (2017). Error Analysis in Academic Writing: A Case of International Postgraduate Students in Malaysia. Advances in Language and Literary Studies, 8(4), 141–145.
Bieńkowska, I., & Polok, K. (2019). Teaching English as a Second/Foreign Language to CAPD-Impaired Students. OALib, 06(07), 1–19.
Carnie, A. (2010). Constituent structure, Volume 5 of Oxford Surveys in Syntax and Morphology. Oxford University Press.
Celaya, M. L., & Torras, M. R. (2001). L1 influence and EFL vocabulary: Do children rely more on L1 than adult learners? Proceedings of the 25th AEDEAN International Conference. University of Granada.
Chaudron, C. (1988). Second Language Classrooms. Second Language Classrooms. Cambridge University Press.
Corder, S. P. (1967).The Significance of Learners’ Errors. IRAL, 5, 161-170.
Dulay, H., Burt, M., &, & Krashen, S. D. (1982). Language Two. New Burry House, Rowley.
Ellis, R., & Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford University Press.
Ellis, R. (1994). The study of second language acquisition. Oxford University Press.
Flower, L., & Hayes, J. R. (1981). A cognitive process theory of writing. College Composition and Communication, 32(4), 365-387.
Gass, S. M., Behney, J., & Plonsky, L. (2020). Second language acquisition: An introductory course. Routledge.
Hashimoto, M. (2004). An Examination of ESL Teachers’ Treatment of Written Errors (Doctoral dissertation, Bond University). https://research.bond.edu.au/files/28916687/_An_examination_of_ESL_teachers_treatment_of_written_errors_M._Hashimoto.pdf.
Hussain, Z., Saeed, M., & Zeb, S. (2021). An error analysis of L2 writing of O-Level students in Pakistan. Asian EFL Journal, 28(1.3), 185-205.
Ilonga, E. (2019). An Investigation of Students’ English Language Written Errors.’ Arusha Working Papers in African Linguistics. Arusha Working Papers in African Linguistics, 2(1), 48-64.
Khansir, A. A. (2013). Error analysis and second language writing. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 3(2), 363-371.
Kumarasen, P. (2009). Syntactic Structures of English and Tamil: with Special References to Machine Translations. Tamil University.
Llach, M. D. P. A. (2011). Lexical errors and accuracy in foreign language writing (Vol. 58). Multilingual Matters.
Macho-Stadler, I., Pérez-Castrillo, D., & Veugelers, R. (2007). Licensing of university inventions: The role of a technology transfer office. International Journal of Industrial Organization, 25(3), 483–510.
McLaughlin, B. (1978). Second-language acquisition in childhood. Hillsdale, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; distributed by Halsted Press Division.
Mungungu, S. S. (2010). Error Analysis: Investigating the writing of ESL Namibian Learners. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, The University of South Africa, South Africa.
Myles, J. (2002). Second Language Writing and Research: The Writing Process and Error Analysis in Student Texts. TESL-EJ, 6(2)-1-20.
Odlin, T. (1989). Language Transfer: Cross-Linguistic Influence in Language Learning. Cambridge University Press.
Olsen, S. (1999). Errors and compensatory strategies: a study of grammar and vocabulary in texts written by Norwegian learners of English. System, 27(2), 191–205.
Pawlak, M. (2014). Error correction in the foreign language classroom: Reconsidering the issues. Springer Science & Business Media.
Reichelt, M. (2009). A Critical Evaluation of Writing Teaching Programmes in Different Foreign Language Settings. In R. Manchón (Ed.), Writing in Foreign Language Contexts: Learning, Teaching, and Research (pp. 183-206). Multilingual Matters. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781847691859-011
Richards, J. C., & Schmidt, R. (2010). Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics. Pearson.
Ridha, N. (2012). The effect of EFL learners’ mother tongue on their writings in English: An error analysis study. Journal of the College of Arts, 60, 22-45.
Rinnert, C., & Kobayashi, H. (2009). Situated writing practices in foreign language settings: The role of previous experience and instruction. In R. Manchón (Ed.), Writing in Foreign Language Contexts (pp. 23-48). Multilingual Matters.
Selinker, L. (1972). Interlanguage. IRAL - International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching, 10(1–4), 209–232.
Wang, L. (2003). Switching to first language among writers with differing second-language proficiency. Journal of Second Language Writing, 12(4), 347–375.
Yao, S. (2014). An Analysis of Chinese Students’ Performance in IELTS Academic Writing. The New English Teacher, 8(2), 104–138.
Zamel, V. (1997). Toward a Model of Transculturation. TESOL Quarterly, 31(2), 341. https://doi.org/10.2307/3588050.